SIMOA Diagnostics on Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia
Athanasia Chatziefstathiou,
Sezgi Canaslan,
Eirini Kanata,
Kostas Vekrellis,
Vasilios C. Constantinides,
George P. Paraskevas,
Elisabeth Kapaki,
Matthias Schmitz,
Inga Zerr,
Konstantinos Xanthopoulos,
Theodoros Sklaviadis,
Dimitra Dafou
Affiliations
Athanasia Chatziefstathiou
Department of Genetics, Development, and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Sezgi Canaslan
Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
Eirini Kanata
Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Kostas Vekrellis
Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Vasilios C. Constantinides
Neurochemistry and Biological Markers Unit, First Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
George P. Paraskevas
Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
Elisabeth Kapaki
Neurochemistry and Biological Markers Unit, First Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
Matthias Schmitz
Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
Inga Zerr
Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
Konstantinos Xanthopoulos
Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Theodoros Sklaviadis
Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Dimitra Dafou
Department of Genetics, Development, and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Background: Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) represents a health issue due to the absence of disease traits. We assessed the performance of a SIMOA panel in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 43 AD and 33 FTD patients with 60 matching Control subjects in combination with demographic–clinical characteristics. Methods: 136 subjects (AD: n = 43, FTD: n = 33, Controls: n = 60) participated. Single-molecule array (SIMOA), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NfL), TAU, and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) in CSF were analyzed with a multiplex neuro 4plex kit. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis compared area under the curve (AUC), while the principal of the sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) was used with the intent to strengthen the identification of confident disease clusters. Results: CSF exhibited increased levels of all SIMOA biomarkers in AD compared to Controls (AUCs: 0.71, 0.86, 0.92, and 0.94, respectively). Similar patterns were observed in FTD with NfL, TAU, and UCH-L1 (AUCs: 0.85, 0.72, and 0.91). sPLS-DA revealed two components explaining 19% and 9% of dataset variation. Conclusions: CSF data provide high diagnostic accuracy among AD, FTD, and Control discrimination. Subgroups of demographic–clinical characteristics and biomarker concentration highlighted the potential of combining different kinds of data for successful and more efficient cohort clustering.
