Frontiers in Neuroscience (Nov 2023)
Pharmacokinetic differences in nicotine and nicotine salts mediate reinforcement-related behavior: an animal model study
- Pengfei Han,
- Pengfei Han,
- Pengfei Han,
- Pengfei Han,
- Pengfei Han,
- Xiaoyuan Jing,
- Shulei Han,
- Shulei Han,
- Shulei Han,
- Shulei Han,
- Xinsheng Wang,
- Qiannan Li,
- Qiannan Li,
- Qiannan Li,
- Qiannan Li,
- Yuan Zhang,
- Yuan Zhang,
- Yuan Zhang,
- Yuan Zhang,
- Pengpeng Yu,
- Pengpeng Yu,
- Pengpeng Yu,
- Pengpeng Yu,
- Xin-an Liu,
- Ping Wu,
- Huan Chen,
- Huan Chen,
- Huan Chen,
- Huan Chen,
- Hongwei Hou,
- Hongwei Hou,
- Hongwei Hou,
- Hongwei Hou,
- Qingyuan Hu,
- Qingyuan Hu,
- Qingyuan Hu,
- Qingyuan Hu
Affiliations
- Pengfei Han
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Pengfei Han
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Pengfei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Pengfei Han
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Pengfei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Xiaoyuan Jing
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shulei Han
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Shulei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Shulei Han
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Shulei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Xinsheng Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qiannan Li
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Qiannan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Qiannan Li
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Qiannan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Yuan Zhang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Yuan Zhang
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Pengpeng Yu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Pengpeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Pengpeng Yu
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Pengpeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Xin-an Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Ping Wu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Beijing, China
- Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Huan Chen
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Hongwei Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Hongwei Hou
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Hongwei Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- Qingyuan Hu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, China
- Qingyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
- Qingyuan Hu
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Qingyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1288102
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 17
Abstract
Since their introduction in the United States and Europe in 2007, electronic cigarettes (E-Cigs) have become increasingly popular among smokers. Nicotine, a key component in both tobacco and e-cigarettes, can exist in two forms: nicotine-freebase (FBN) and nicotine salts (NS). While nicotine salt is becoming more popular in e-cigarettes, the effect of nicotine salts on reinforcement-related behaviors remains poorly understood. This study aimed to compare the reinforcing effects of nicotine and nicotine salts in animal models of drug self-administration and explore potential mechanisms that may contribute to these differences. The results demonstrated that three nicotine salts (nicotine benzoate, nicotine lactate, and nicotine tartrate) resulted in greater reinforcement-related behaviors in rats compared to nicotine-freebase. Moreover, withdrawal-induced anxiety symptoms were lower in the three nicotine salt groups than in the nicotine-freebase group. The study suggested that differences in the pharmacokinetics of nicotine-freebase and nicotine salts in vivo may explain the observed behavioral differences. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the reinforcing effects of nicotine as well as potential differences between nicotine-freebase and nicotine salts.
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