Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Gustavo Henrique Doná Rodrigues Almeida
Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Felipe Rici Azarias
Graduate Program of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Claudete Astolfi-Ferreira
Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Antônio José Piantino Ferreira
Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Eliana de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira
Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
Karina Torres Pomini
Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro
Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
Laira Mireli Dias Silva
Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
Durvanei Augusto Maria
Development and Innovation Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05585-000, Brazil
Rose Eli Grassi Rici
Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
Skeletal muscle degeneration is responsible for major mobility complications, and this muscle type has little regenerative capacity. Several biomaterials have been proposed to induce muscle regeneration and function restoration. Decellularized scaffolds present biological properties that allow efficient cell culture, providing a suitable microenvironment for artificial construct development and being an alternative for in vitro muscle culture. For translational purposes, biomaterials derived from large animals are an interesting and unexplored source for muscle scaffold production. Therefore, this study aimed to produce and characterize bovine muscle scaffolds to be applied to muscle cell 3D cultures. Bovine muscle fragments were immersed in decellularizing solutions for 7 days. Decellularization efficiency, structure, composition, and three-dimensionality were evaluated. Bovine fetal myoblasts were cultured on the scaffolds for 10 days to attest cytocompatibility. Decellularization was confirmed by DAPI staining and DNA quantification. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis attested to the preservation of main ECM components. SEM analysis demonstrated that the 3D structure was maintained. In addition, after 10 days, fetal myoblasts were able to adhere and proliferate on the scaffolds, attesting to their cytocompatibility. These data, even preliminary, infer that generated bovine muscular scaffolds were well structured, with preserved composition and allowed cell culture. This study demonstrated that biomaterials derived from bovine muscle could be used in tissue engineering.
