End-to-Side Venous Anastomosis with IJV: Improving Outcomes of Microvascular Anastomosis in Head and Neck Reconstruction

Abstract

Background End-to-side (ES) venous anastomosis is an established approach for head and neck reconstruction and has several benefits over conventional end-to-end (EE) anastomosis. However, this is not preferred by all, which may be due to technical preferences for an EE anastomosis by many surgeons. We present here our experience of routine ES venous anastomosis for head and neck reconstruction over the past 8 years.

Keywords

• end to side
• IJV
• venous anastomosis
• head and neck reconstruction
• re-exploration