Investigation of Aminoglycoside Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and Nonfermantative Gram Negatif Bacteria

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Aminoglycosides are used in gram-negative bacterial infection and are frequently used against Enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative bacteria. Recently, increased resistance to aminoglycosides has been observed. In this study, we aimed to see aminoglycoside resistance in Enterobacteriacea and nonfermentative bacteria and the effectiveness of aminoglycosides in carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriacea isolates. METHODS: Aminoglycoside resistance rates of 4076 Enterobacteriaceae and 1252 nonfermentative bacteria isolated from various clinical samples sent to microbiology laboratory between November 2015 and September 2016 were investigated. The identification of bacteria was made at the species level with the Vitek MS automated system. RESULTS: The total resistance rate in enterobacteriaceae isolates was found to be 2.72% for amikacin and 17.44% for gentamicin. In Enterobacteriaceae group, resistance to 1.13% gentamicin was found against Escherichia coli (E.coli) (56%) and 16.08% against amikacin. For Klebsiella (25.7%) isolates, amikacin was 5.91% and gentamic was 26.04%. Among nonfermentatives, amicacin was determined as 46%, gentamicin 76%, netilmicin 55% and tobramycin 40.8% in Acinetobacter species. In Pseudomonas strains, amikacin was 4.97%, gentamicin was 14.3%, netilmicin was 27.3%, and tobramycin resistance rate was 7.74%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Amikacin was found to be more sensitive than gentamicin in Enterobacteriaceae isolates. In nonfermantative bacteria, it was found that the most sensitive aminoglycoside in the Acinetobacter isolates was tobramycin, and the most sensitive aminoglycoside in the Pseudomonas isolates was amikacin. In carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains, amikacin was found to be more sensitive than gentamicin.

Keywords

• enterobacteriaceae
• nonfermantative
• aminoglycoside
• resistance