Protection du littoral en Algérie entre politiques et pouvoirs locaux : Le cas du pôle industriel d'Arzew (Oran- Algérie)

Abstract

If the coastal zones concentrate many resources and economical potentialities, they are also exposed to pollution, harmful effects and other degradations resulting from the development of multiple economic activities. The strong interactions that exist between these activities and the coastal environment imply the need for a rational and respectful planning which should reconcile the economic and ecological needs, a conciliation that often requires the imperative protection of these sensitive spaces.In Algeria, the oil industry is a positive and desirable activity, essential to the economic and social growth of the country. However, it monopolized many sites presenting valuable landscape, cultural and historical potentialities, thus interfering with any potential development for other uses related to the sea, in particular related to tourism. The expansion of this industry has been chaotic, a result of an absence of planning. The effects resulting from these decisions are criticized today: for example, villages or districts were wedged and deprived of any initiative on their littorals, and the agglomerations already established there undergo the effects of pollution daily and are permanently exposed to the risks of explosions and fires. In addition, vast arable lands were consumed.This paper aims at drawing up a report of the current situation, and to identify the actors of the protection of the littoral and the limits of their authority, in order to identify the gap between the speech of the political spheres and the effective management by local actors.

Keywords

• Sustainable Development
• Algerian Littoral
• Pollution
• Protection