Deep Eutectic Solvent Coated Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Based Polysulfone Membrane to Mitigate Environmental Toxicology
Saif-ur-Rehman,
Muhammad Shozab Mehdi,
Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam,
Muhammad Asif,
Javed Rehman,
Razan A. Alshgari,
Muddasar Jamal,
Shafiq Uz Zaman,
Muhammad Umar,
Sikander Rafiq,
Nawshad Muhammad,
Junaid bin Fawad,
Saiful Arifin Shafiee
Affiliations
Saif-ur-Rehman
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Muhammad Shozab Mehdi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23460, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam
Department of Physics, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
Muhammad Asif
Department of Physics, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
Javed Rehman
State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Razan A. Alshgari
Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Muddasar Jamal
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Shafiq Uz Zaman
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23460, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Muhammad Umar
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23460, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Sikander Rafiq
Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, New Campus, Lahore 39161, Punjab, Pakistan
Nawshad Muhammad
Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25100, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Junaid bin Fawad
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Saiful Arifin Shafiee
Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University, Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
In this study, ceria nanoparticles (NPs) and deep eutectic solvent (DES) were synthesized, and the ceria-NP’s surfaces were modified by DES to form DES-ceria NP filler to develop mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). For the sake of interface engineering, MMMs of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% filler loadings were fabricated using solution casting technique. The characterizations of SEM, FTIR and TGA of synthesized membranes were performed. SEM represented the surface and cross-sectional morphology of membranes, which indicated that the filler is uniformly dispersed in the polysulfone. FTIR was used to analyze the interaction between the filler and support, which showed there was no reaction between the polymer and DES-ceria NPs as all the peaks were consistent, and TGA provided the variation in the membrane materials with respect to temperature, which categorized all of the membranes as very stable and showed that the trend of stability increases with respect to DES-ceria NPs filler loading. For the evaluation of efficiency of the MMMs, the gas permeation was tested. The permeability of CO2 was improved in comparison with the pristine Polysulfone (PSF) membrane and enhanced selectivities of 35.43 (αCO2/CH4) and 39.3 (αCO2/N2) were found. Hence, the DES-ceria NP-based MMMs proved useful in mitigating CO2 from a gaseous mixture.
