Advances in Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy of G719X/L861Q/S768I Mutant 
Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Lung cancer accounts for the highest proportion of cancer deaths in the world and poses a great threat to human health. About 30% to 40% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is caused by point mutations, exon insertion and exon deletion of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In addition to the common exon 19 deletion mutation and exon 21 L858R mutation, exon 18 G719X mutation, exon 21 L861Q mutation and exon 20 S768I mutation are the most important rare mutations. At present, the diagnostic methods for major rare mutations are mainly next-generation sequencing (NGS), digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), etc. Regarding the targeted therapy of G719X/L861Q/S768I mutant NSCLC, the first generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have poor efficacy, while the second and third generation EGFR-TKIs have similar efficacy. The novel third generation EGFR-TKIs and combination therapy show a good therapeutic prospect. This article summarized the progress in the diagnosis and targeted therapy of G719X/L861Q/S768I mutant NSCLC, so as to provide reference for subsequent clinical drug use and research.

Keywords

• lung neoplasms
• epidermal growth factor receptor
• major rare mutations
• targeted therapy