Local conduction during acute myocardial infarction in rats: Interplay between central sympathetic activation and endothelin

Abstract

We investigated the effects of autonomic dysfunction and endothelin on local conduction and arrhythmogenesis during myocardial infarction. We recorded ventricular tachyarrhythmias, monophasic action potentials, and activation sequences in wild-type and ETB-deficient rats displaying high endothelin levels. Central sympathetic inputs were examined after clonidine administration. Clonidine mitigated early and delayed arrhythmogenesis in ETB-deficient and wild-type rats, respectively. The right ventricular activation delay increased in clonidine-treated ETB-deficient rats and slightly decreased in wild-type rats. The left ventricular voltage rise decreased in all groups, whereas the activation delay increased mainly in clonidine-treated ETB-deficient rats. Central sympathetic activation and endothelin modulate ischemia-induced arrhythmogenesis. Ischemia alters excitability, whereas endothelin impairs local conduction, an action partly counterbalanced by central sympathetic activity.

Keywords

• Acute myocardial infarction
• Central sympathetic activation
• Endothelin
• Local conduction
• Ventricular tachyarrhythmias