Gut microbiota, determined by dietary nutrients, drive modification of the plasma lipid profile and insulin resistance
Yoshiyuki Watanabe,
Shiho Fujisaka,
Kazutaka Ikeda,
Masaki Ishikawa,
Takahiro Yamada,
Allah Nawaz,
Tomonobu Kado,
Takahide Kuwano,
Ayumi Nishimura,
Muhammad Bilal,
Jianhui Liu,
Kunimasa Yagi,
Koji Hase,
Kazuyuki Tobe
Affiliations
Yoshiyuki Watanabe
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Shiho Fujisaka
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Corresponding author
Kazutaka Ikeda
Laboratory of Biomolecule Analysis, Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Masaki Ishikawa
Laboratory of Clinical Omics Research, Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-5-23 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
Takahiro Yamada
Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
Allah Nawaz
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Tomonobu Kado
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Takahide Kuwano
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Ayumi Nishimura
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Muhammad Bilal
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Jianhui Liu
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Kunimasa Yagi
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
Koji Hase
Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
Kazuyuki Tobe
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Corresponding author
Summary: The gut microbiota metabolizes the nutrients to produce various metabolites that play crucial roles in host metabolism. However, the links between the microbiota established by different nutrients and the microbiota-influenced changes in the plasma lipids remain unclear. Diets rich in cornstarch, fructose, branched chain amino acids, soybean oil (SO), or lard established a unique microbiota and had influence on glucose metabolism, which was partially reproduced by transferring the microbiota. Comparison of plasma lipidomic analysis between germ-free and colonized mice revealed significant impacts of the microbiota on various lipid classes, and of note, the microbiota established by the SO diet, which was associated with the greatest degree of glucose intolerance, caused the maximum alteration of the plasma lipid profile. Thus, the gut microbiota composed of dietary nutrients was associated with dynamic changes in the lipids potentially having differential effects on glucose metabolism.
