Prenatal diagnosis of familial recessive PIGN mutation associated with multiple anomalies: A case report

Abstract

Objective: We present a novel homozygous splice site mutation in the PIGN gene identified by whole exome sequencing and explored the genotype–phenotype correlation. Case report: A healthy 32-year-old woman underwent an ultrasound at 13 + 5 weeks of gestation. The ultrasound revealed multiple anomalies again including cystic hygroma, omphalocele and a ventricular septal defect. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated, and whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous splice site mutation in the PIGN gene c.963 G > A (p.Gln321Gln). The same variant was also detected by pedigree-based Sanger sequencing in both parents as heterozygous, while they had normal karyotypes. Conclusion: Our case report enhances the phenotype–genotype correlation associated with homozygous loss of function mutations in the PIGN gene.

Keywords

• Whole exome sequencing (WES)
• PIGN gene
• Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)
• Congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome 1 (MCAHS1)
• Fryns syndrome (FS)