Investigation and analysis on fall risk assessment and fall status of the elderly people living in an island community (海岛社区老年人跌倒风险评估和跌倒现况调查分析)

Abstract

Objective To understand the fall risk and fall status of the elderly living in an island community, to explore the influencing factors of falls, and to provide basis for the formulation of health education program. Methods The self-made general information questionnaire and the revised Fall-risk Self-assessment Questionnaire (FSQ) were used. Results The scale had good reliability and validity for the elderly in the island community. Totally 300 participants were recruited and investigated, and the incidence of falls was 26. 67%. Protective factors of falls included using walking aids, believing in that falls could be prevented and taking exercise regularly. The three main items associated with risk of falls included abnormal sensation of lower limbs, difficulty in walking faster and feeling of unstable walking sometimes. Conclusion The high incidence of falls in the elderly in the island community is related to the poor muscle strength and balance ability of lower limbs. Community medical staff should strengthen health education, improve the elderly people’s awareness of fall prevention, and reduce the risk of falls, so as to reduce the occurrence of falls. (目的 了解某海岛社区老年人跌倒风险与跌倒现状, 探讨发生跌倒的影响因素, 为健康教育方案的制定提供依据。方法 采用自制的一般资料调查表和修改后的老年人跌倒风险自评量表进行调查。结果 该量表用于海岛社区老年人信效度良好。共300例老年人参与调查, 跌倒发生率为26. 67%(80/300)。跌倒保护因素: 使用助行器、认为跌倒可以预防和规律锻炼。跌倒风险因素中阳性率排前三位的因素: “下肢感觉异常”、“走路加快速度时感到困难”和“有时侯, 我感到行走不稳定”。结论 海岛社区老年人跌倒发生率高与下肢肌力和平衡能力差有关。社区医务人员应加强健康教育力度, 提高老年人防跌倒意识, 降低跌倒风险, 以减少跌倒发生。)

Keywords

• island
• community
• the elderly
• fall
• self-assessment
• health education
• 海岛
• 社区
• 老年人
• 跌倒
• 自我评估
• 健康教育