Hybrid Immunity Results in Enhanced and More Sustained Antibody Responses after the Second Sinovac-CoronaVac Dose in a Brazilian Cohort: DETECTCoV-19 Cohort
Bárbara Batista Salgado,
Aguyda Rayany Cavalcante Barbosa,
Ana Ruth Arcanjo,
Daniel Barros de Castro,
Tatyana Costa Amorim Ramos,
Felipe Naveca,
Daniel M. Altmann,
Rosemary J. Boyton,
Jaila Dias Borges Lalwani,
Pritesh Lalwani
Affiliations
Bárbara Batista Salgado
Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD), Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil
Aguyda Rayany Cavalcante Barbosa
Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD), Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil
Ana Ruth Arcanjo
Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas (FVS/AM), Manaus 69093-018, AM, Brazil
Daniel Barros de Castro
Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas (FVS/AM), Manaus 69093-018, AM, Brazil
Tatyana Costa Amorim Ramos
Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas (FVS/AM), Manaus 69093-018, AM, Brazil
Felipe Naveca
Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD), Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil
Daniel M. Altmann
Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
Rosemary J. Boyton
Lung Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6LY, UK
Jaila Dias Borges Lalwani
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, ILMD/Fiocruz Amazônia and PPGIBA/ICB-UFAM, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil
Pritesh Lalwani
Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD), Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476 Adrianópolis, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil
We measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses before and after CoronaVac (inactivated) vaccination in a case–control study performed in CoronaVac-immunized individuals participating in a longitudinal prospective study of adults in Manaus (DETECTCoV-19). Antibody responses were measured by standard serological immunoassays. Peak anti-S-RBD and neutralizing RBD-ACE2 blocking antibody responses after two doses of CoronaVac vaccine were similar in vaccine breakthrough cases (n = 9) and matched controls (n = 45). Individuals with hybrid immunity resulting from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection followed by vaccination (n = 22) had elevated levels of anti-N, anti-S-RBD and RBD-ACE2 blocking antibodies after the second vaccine dose compared to infection-naïve individuals (n = 48). Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses rapidly waned in infection-naïve individuals. Antibody responses wane after vaccination, making individuals susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2 variants. These findings support the need for booster doses after primary vaccination. Population antibody serosurveys provide critical information toward implementing optimal timing of booster doses.
