Durability, Capillary Rise and Water Absorption Properties of a Fiber-Reinforced Cement-Stabilized Fly Ash–Stone Dust Mixture

Abstract

The management of unutilized fly ash poses challenges due to concerns about storage and its potential groundwater contamination. Within the road industry, where the bulk utilization of fly ash is feasible, its unsuitability for use in the base and sub-base layers of pavements due to its low strength and a high proportion of fine particles has been a limitation. The incorporation of stone dust alongside fly ash, treated with lime or cement, yields superior strength and stiffness. Apart from strength, the stabilized mix’s durability, capillary rise, and water absorption properties are crucial for determining its suitability for pavement applications. Observations from this study reveal that fiber-reinforced cement-stabilized fly ash–stone aggregate specimens treated with 4% and 6% cement, with and without fibers, met the limiting mass loss of 20%, as specified in IRC SP: 89. The mass loss decreases with an increase in cement and fiber content. However, the capillary rise in the mixes increases with a higher percentage of fly ash and fiber content but decreases with increased cement content. Cement addition results in a reduction in water absorption; however, the addition of fibers results in an increase in water absorption. A linear correlation has been established between mass loss and UCS and IDT, which can be used to evaluate the suitability of materials for the structural layer without conducting a wet–dry durability test, which typically takes one month. This study proposes that cement-stabilized fly ash and stone aggregate mixtures with 4% and 6% cement can be used as the subbase and base of pavement based on wet–dry mass loss criteria and water absorption criteria. Observations from this study reveal that fiber-reinforced cement-stabilized fly ash–stone aggregate specimens treated with 4% and 6% cement, with and without fibers, met the limiting mass loss of 20%, as specified in IRC SP: 89. The mass loss decreases with an increase in cement and fiber content. However, the capillary rise in the mixes increases with a higher percentage of fly ash and fiber content but decreases with increased cement content. Cement addition results in reduction in water absorption. However, the addition of fibers results in increase in water absorption. A linear correlation is established between mass loss and UCS and IDT, which can be used to evaluate the suitability of materials for the structural layer without conducting wet–dry durability tests, which take one month. This study proposes that cement-stabilized fly ash and stone aggregate mixtures with 4% and 6% cement can be used as the subbase and base of pavement based on wet–dry mass loss criteria and water absorption criteria.

Keywords

• stabilized fly ash
• durability
• capillary rise
• water absorption
• mass loss
• fiber-reinforced fly ash