Effect of Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Programme on Playfulness in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) programme on playfulness in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Material and Methods: Seventy Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder participants (N=70), aged between 6-8 years were recruited from a local community-based setting. The children were divided into an experimental (n=35) and a control group (n=35). The experimental group participants received CO-OP and the control group participants received the conventional occupational therapy programme; for 12 weeks. The test on playfulness was used to measure playfulness in children. Results: There were statistically significant differences between pretest and post-test scores of the test of playfulness (TOP) in the experimental group (p-value≤0.05) components of: Extent, Intensity and Skillfulness, and there were statistically significant differences between pretest and post-test group of TOP in the control group (p-value≤0.05) in Intensity and Skillfulness. There was no statistically significant difference in pretest and post-test scores of TOP in the component of Extent. Further analysis revealed that clinically there was significant differences in the post-test scores of TOP between the control and experimental group components of Extent, Intensity and Skillfulness. Conclusion: CO-OP was effective in improving playfulness in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Keywords

• cognitive interventions
• intrinsic motivation
• occupational therapy
• play