Factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients treated at an Amazon hospital in Peru

Abstract

Introduction: type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and is associated with cardiovascular and renal complications. Objective: to determine the sociodemographic and biological factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients treated at the “II Essalud Pucallpa” hospital in the period 2018 - 2019. Method: an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out. A sample of 124 patients was selected through simple random sampling. All data was collected from individual medical records and program books using the data collection form. Results: a predominance of patients was found in the age group from 30 to 39 years of age (25,8 %), as well as the female sex (64,5 %). Body mass index greater than 25 had a statistically significant relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus (p <0,05) and between the total cholesterol value, LDL above the optimum limit and HDL below 35mg/dl. 73,3 % of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus reported consuming more than one sugary drink per day, and 75% consumed alcohol, finding a statistically significant association (p <0.05). A predominance of metabolic syndrome patient’s (81,67 %) was found in in the group with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with the presence of high blood pressure, high body mass index, cholesterol, LDL and HDL; as well as the consumption of alcohol and sugary drinks.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus tipo 2
• diabetes mellitus
• síndrome metabólico
• grupos de riesgo