Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous and Open Surgery Approaches in The Animal Model of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Disc Degeneration
Behnoosh Tayebi,
Mohamamd Molazem,
Mahnaz Babaahmadi,
Erfan Ebrahimi,
Mostafa Hajinasrollah,
Farhad Mostafaei,
Nima Makvand Gholipour,
Hossein Baharvand,
Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani,
Ensiyeh Hajizadeh-Saffar
Affiliations
Behnoosh Tayebi
Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Mohamamd Molazem
Department of Radiology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Mahnaz Babaahmadi
Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Erfan Ebrahimi
Department of Radiology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Mostafa Hajinasrollah
Animal Core Facility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Animal Biotechnology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Farhad Mostafaei
Animal Core Facility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Animal Biotechnology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Nima Makvand Gholipour
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Hossein Baharvand
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Ensiyeh Hajizadeh-Saffar
Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Objective: Animal models provide a deeper understanding about various complications and better demonstratethe effect of therapeutic approaches. One of the issues in the low back pain (LBP) model is the invasiveness ofthe procedure and it does not mimic actual disease conditions in humans. The purpose of the present study wasto compare the ultrasound-guided (US-guided) percutaneous approach with the open-surgery method in the tumornecrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced disc degeneration model for the first time to showcase the advantages of thisrecently developed, minimally invasive method.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, eight male rabbits were divided into two groups (open-surgery andUS-guided). Relevant discs were punctured by two approaches and TNF-α was injected into them. Magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) was performed to assess the disc height index (DHI) at all stages. Also morphological changes (annulusfibrosus, nucleus pulposus) were evaluated by assessing Pfirrmann grade and histological evaluation (Hematoxylin &Eosin).Results: The findings indicated targeted discs became degenerated after six weeks. DHI in both groups was significantlyreduced (P<0.0001), however the difference was not significant between the two groups. In the open-surgery group,osteophyte formation was seen at six and eighteen weeks after the puncture. Pfirrmann grading revealed significantdifferences between injured and adjacent uninjured discs (P<0.0001). The US-guided method indicated significantlyfewer signs of degeneration after six (P=0.0110) and eighteen (P=0.0328) weeks. Histological scoring showedsignificantly lower degeneration in the US-guided group (P=0.0039).Conclusion: The US-guided method developed a milder grade condition and such a model better mimics the chroniccharacteristics of LBP and the procedure is more ethically accepted. Therefore, the US-guided method could be a meritapproach for future research in this domain as a safe, practical and low-cost method.
