<p>Korelasi indeks sefalik dan gigi berjejal rahang atas pada anak umur 7-12 tahun</p><p>Correlation of cephalic index and maxillary teeth crowding in children aged 7 – 12-years-old</p>

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Prediksi awal risiko gigi berjejal rahang atas berguna untuk kedokteran gigi estetika dan perawatan ortodontik yang efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah indeks sefalik berkorelasi dengan kondisi gigi berjejal rahang atas anak pada periode gigi geligi campuran. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi Cross sectional. Populasi penelitian merupakan pasien anak yang datang ke Departemen Kedokteran Gigi Anak. Teknik sampling menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan didapatkan subjek lima puluh anak. Indeks sefalik diukur dengan menggunakan spreading caliper, sementara gigi rahang atas berjejal dinilai dengan mencocokkan foto oklusi yang sesuai dengan standardized foto dari Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Data ditabulasi dan dianalisis dengan Uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan indeks sefalik dengan gigi berjejal rahang atas dengan nilai rs = -0.68. p-value adalah < 0.05. Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara indeks sefalik dan gigi berjejal rahang atas pada anak umur 7-12 tahun. Kata kunci: Indeks sefalik, gigi berjejal rahang atas, IOTN. ABSTRACT Introduction: Preliminary predictions of the risk of maxillary teeth crowding are useful for aesthetic dentistry and effective orthodontic treatment. This study was aimed to determine whether the cephalic index was correlated with the condition of the children’s maxillary teeth in the mixed dentition period. Methods: The type of this research was cross-sectional. The population was pediatric patients who came to the Clinic of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran. The sampling technique used was a purposive sampling technique and obtained samples of as much as fifty children. The cephalic index was measured using a spreading calliper, while the maxillary teeth crowding was assessed by matching the occlusion photo according to the standardised photo of the Aesthetic Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). All data were tabulated and analysed with the Spearman correlation test. Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between the cephalic index with maxillary teeth crowding with the value of rs = -0.68; p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between the cephalic index and maxillary teeth crowding in children aged 7 – 12-years-old. Keywords: Cephalic index, maxillary teeth crowding, IOTN.