PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (Jul 2021)

Previous exposure to dengue virus is associated with increased Zika virus burden at the maternal-fetal interface in rhesus macaques.

  • Chelsea M Crooks,
  • Andrea M Weiler,
  • Sierra L Rybarczyk,
  • Mason I Bliss,
  • Anna S Jaeger,
  • Megan E Murphy,
  • Heather A Simmons,
  • Andres Mejia,
  • Michael K Fritsch,
  • Jennifer M Hayes,
  • Jens C Eickhoff,
  • Ann M Mitzey,
  • Elaina Razo,
  • Katarina M Braun,
  • Elizabeth A Brown,
  • Keisuke Yamamoto,
  • Phoenix M Shepherd,
  • Amber Possell,
  • Kara Weaver,
  • Kathleen M Antony,
  • Terry K Morgan,
  • Christina M Newman,
  • Dawn M Dudley,
  • Nancy Schultz-Darken,
  • Eric Peterson,
  • Leah C Katzelnick,
  • Angel Balmaseda,
  • Eva Harris,
  • David H O'Connor,
  • Emma L Mohr,
  • Thaddeus G Golos,
  • Thomas C Friedrich,
  • Matthew T Aliota

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009641
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 7
p. e0009641

Abstract

Read online

Concerns have arisen that pre-existing immunity to dengue virus (DENV) could enhance Zika virus (ZIKV) disease, due to the homology between ZIKV and DENV and the observation of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) among DENV serotypes. To date, no study has examined the impact of pre-existing DENV immunity on ZIKV pathogenesis during pregnancy in a translational non-human primate model. Here we show that macaques with a prior DENV-2 exposure had a higher burden of ZIKV vRNA in maternal-fetal interface tissues as compared to DENV-naive macaques. However, pre-existing DENV immunity had no detectable impact on ZIKV replication kinetics in maternal plasma, and all pregnancies progressed to term without adverse outcomes or gross fetal abnormalities detectable at delivery. Understanding the risks of ADE to pregnant women worldwide is critical as vaccines against DENV and ZIKV are developed and licensed and as DENV and ZIKV continue to circulate.