Watermark Embedding Scheme with Variance of Chromatic Components

Abstract

This paper contains the idea of inserting a watermark with the variance of color components of the image. The color image is converted into CIE color space. Chromatic components are transformed into a sequency domain by applying the complex Hadamard transform. The variance of the spatio-chromatic coefficients is calculated and the watermark is selected from the transformed image based on the variance by setting the threshold value. The watermark is only inserted in image blocks that have a smaller value of variance than the threshold value. Simulation results are presented and discussed using the two variants of complex Hadamard transform and discrete cosine transform.

Keywords

• chromatic components
• transformed coefficients
• variance
• watermarking
• discrete cosine transform