The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): history, theory and application

Abstract

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) play a significant role in the development of many important fields of biology and medicine, including the detection of the dangerous infections agents. In the present review there is described the history of ELISA’s invention, further improvement of this method and application in modern biology and medicine. The special accent is made on factors influencing antibody-antigen interactions on the solid phase and their use to increase the analytical sensitivity of the method.

Keywords

• enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
• analytical sensitivity
• monoclonal antibodies
• affinity
• avidity
• sandwich elisa