Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Jepara, Indonesia: Ecological and spatial study based on Environment Parameters

Abstract

Kedung Village in Jepara Regency stands as one of the areas with the 3rd highest Incidence Rate of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Contributing factors to the surge in DHF cases include physical environment factors, population density, and vector breeding sites. Despite persistent efforts to control and prevent dengue cases, these endeavors have proven ineffective. The study aimed to comprehensively analyze the physical environment and distribution of DHF cases in Jepara District, Indonesia. This descriptive observational research, focusing on an ecological study, examined a sample of 38 cases in 2020 from one village. The analysis revealed crucial findings: the average temperature ranged from 27-29°C, humidity ranged from 76-88%, and the highest rainfall intensity was 1,301 mm, with the peak occurring in February. The distribution pattern of DHF cases was notably random, with an average distance of 442.63 meters. Moreover, a staggering 92.9% of areas did not meet the Larvafree Index standard, indicating a high risk of transmitting dengue disease, as the House Index (HI) exceeded 5%. Temperature, rainfall, and humidity demonstrated significant correlations with DHF cases in Kedung Village, while no correlation was found between HI and DHF cases