iScience (Jul 2024)

Evaluation of an RBD-nucleocapsid fusion protein as a booster candidate for COVID-19 vaccine

  • Bruno Vinicius Santos Valiate,
  • Julia Teixeira de Castro,
  • Tomás Gazzinelli Marçal,
  • Luis Adan Flores Andrade,
  • Livia Isabela de Oliveira,
  • Gabriela Barbi Freire Maia,
  • Lídia Paula Faustino,
  • Natalia S. Hojo-Souza,
  • Marconi Augusto Aguiar Dos Reis,
  • Flávia Fonseca Bagno,
  • Natalia Salazar,
  • Santuza R. Teixeira,
  • Gregório Guilherme Almeida,
  • Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 27, no. 7
p. 110177

Abstract

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Summary: Despite successful vaccines and updates, constant mutations of SARS-CoV-2 makes necessary the search for new vaccines. We generated a chimeric protein that comprises the receptor-binding domain from spike and the nucleocapsid antigens (SpiN) from SARS-CoV-2. Once SpiN elicits a protective immune response in rodents, here we show that convalescent and previously vaccinated individuals respond to SpiN. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from these individuals produced greater amounts of IFN−γ when stimulated with SpiN, compared to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Also, B cells from these individuals were able to secrete antibodies that recognize SpiN. When administered as a boost dose in mice previously immunized with CoronaVac, ChAdOx1-S or BNT162b2, SpiN was able to induce a greater or equivalent immune response to homologous prime/boost. Our data reveal the ability of SpiN to induce cellular and humoral responses in vaccinated human donors, rendering it a promising candidate.

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