Features of lysine inheritance in grain sorghum hybrids of the second generation

Abstract

Sorghum is one of the most important grain crops in the world. Sorghum grain is characterized by a low percentage of essential amino acids in protein, primarily lysine, which significantly reduces its feed value. There are two known mutant genes with a large lysine percentage, namely the spontaneous mutant hl gene, which was originally identified in Ethiopian lines, and the P721 gene, which is induced by ethylmethanesulfonate. The purpose of the current study was to identify the patterns of inheritance of the lysine percentage in grain sorghum hybrids of the second generation which were obtained by hybridization according to two 4x4 diallelic schemes (I - SPZS-11, Sb-126/4, 144 f/8, Zernogradskoe 204; II - ZSK-4, Belozernoe 100, Otbor 100, 34045). The hybridological analysis has established that in lysine percentage in sorghum protein there are genetic differences of 1-3 genes between the parental samples included in the hybridization. The greatest differences (3 genes) were identified between sorghum grain samples 34045 and 144 f/8. In most hybrid combinations there have been identified monogenic and digenic differences between the samples involved in hybridization. The estimation of dominance degree has identified the value of the gene manifestation, that controls lysine percentage in sorghum protein. There has been determined the dominance of both large and small values of the trait. The frequency distribution curves of the studied hybrids were within the variability of the parental forms, however, there were positive transgressions in some combinations. In the combinations Sb-126/4 × SPZS-11, Zernogradskoe 204 × SPZS-11 there have been identified the forms with a large lysine percentage in grain (more than 3.5%) for further breeding process.

Keywords

• lysine percentage in protein
• sorghum bicolor
• gene
• grain
• splitting
• dominance
• asymmetry