Effect of ENSO on the Ozone Valley over the Tibetan Plateau Based on the WACCM4 Model

Yongchi Li; Feng Xu; Lingfeng Wan; Peng Chen; Dong Guo; Shujie Chang; Chen Yang

doi:10.3390/rs15020525

Remote Sensing (Jan 2023)

Effect of ENSO on the Ozone Valley over the Tibetan Plateau Based on the WACCM4 Model

Yongchi Li,
Feng Xu,
Lingfeng Wan,
Peng Chen,
Dong Guo,
Shujie Chang,
Chen Yang

Affiliations

Yongchi Li: College of Ocean and Meteorology, South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology, Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Feng Xu: College of Ocean and Meteorology, South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology, Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Lingfeng Wan: Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (DOMES), Physical Oceanography Laboratory (POL), Institute for Advanced Ocean Study (IAOS), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Peng Chen: College of Ocean and Meteorology, South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology, Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Dong Guo: Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Shujie Chang: College of Ocean and Meteorology, South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology, Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Chen Yang: Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020525
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 15, no. 2
p. 525

Abstract

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El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most significant global ocean–atmosphere coupled signal in the tropical Pacific Ocean, and it can affect the stratosphere. However, the ENSO-related dynamical processes that influence the ozone valley during summer are still not well understood and are under-investigated. In this study, we used the ERA5 and MERRA-2 reanalysis data from 1979 to 2021 combined with numerical simulations to analyze the mechanisms through which ENSO affects the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau in the upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere (UTLS) in summer. The results showed that the two cores of the ozone valley in UTLS were more evident in the summer following La Niña than in the summer following El Niño. At low latitudes, negative O3 anomalies in UTLS were observed in the summer following El Niño and positive O3 anomalies were observed in the summer following La Niña. At middle latitudes, negative O3 anomalies in UTLS were found near 60°E in the summer following El Niño, while negative anomalies were found at 40°E and 120°E in the summer following La Niña. The analysis of the flow and vorticity fields suggested that the field anomalies can cause vertical motion, which in turn leads to the mixing of different ozone concentrations and affects the ozone valley in UTLS over the Tibetan Plateau. In particular, the warming of the Indian Ocean sea-surface temperature (SST) in the summer following El Niño enhances the South Asian High (SAH) through two-stage thermal adaptation, leading to ozone anomalies at low latitudes in the ozone-valley region. These conclusions were verified by a simulation using the WACCM4 model, the results of which were consistent with the original observations.

Published in Remote Sensing

ISSN: 2072-4292 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing/

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