Grammatophyllum speciosum ethanolic extract inhibits proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells through focal adhesion kinase/AKT/β-catenin-dependent pathway

Abstract

Research into the pharmacological effects of Grammatophyllum speciosum has indicated potential in various areas; however, there has been limited investigation into the impact of G. speciosum ethanolic extract (GSE) specifically on the migration and growth of non-small lung cancer cells. Hence, this research aims to examine the role of GSE in suppressing the cell cycle phases, migration, and expression of migratory regulatory proteins in H460 cells. Treatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of GSE significantly suppressed cell proliferation in H460 cells by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest. The wound space area was found to be greater compared to the control group, suggesting that GSE also inhibited cell migration. Furthermore, GSE downregulated migratory regulatory proteins, including phosphorylated forms of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), protein kinase B (AKT), and β-catenin. Similar inhibitory effects on cell growth and migration were observed in H23 lung cancer cells treated with GSE. These findings highlight a novel antiproliferative and antimigratory effect of GSE mediated through the FAK/AKT/β-catenin pathway, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for lung cancer treatment.

Keywords

• antimigration; antiproliferation; grammatophyllum speciosum; lung cance