THE FACIAL DIVISION OF THE SKULL SMALL BONES DENSITY FEATURES IN THE PERINATAL PERIOD

Abstract

Currently, modern diagnostic methods share a significant value in assessment of the morphological transformations in embryonic structures. The aim of the study. To determine the features of small bones tissue density of the facial part of the skull (zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal bones, lamina) in fetuses and newborns. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 32 preparations of human fetuses of 4-10 months (from 150.0 mm to 500.0 mm parietal-calcaneal length (TPD)) and 7 newborns (in particular, 5 isolated organ complexes) using the methods of macroscopy, morphometry, computer tomography and statistical analysis. Determination of the bone tissue of the small bones of the facial part of the skull was performed on the GX CB-500 tomograph (powered by i-CAT) No. NU011250-USA. Software extension use of 140x140x85 mm and a thickness of slices of computed tomography images of 0.125 mm3-0.2 mm3. Bone density analysis was performed using i-CATVision software in IU (international units) of Hu (Hounsfield). Results. The analysis of axial sections of the right and left zygomatic CT images of early fetuses (4-5 months old), showed that zygomatic and nasal bones are already radiopaque, starting from 5-monthold fetuses, the cochlea is vialized, and from the 6-month-old fetuses, the lacrimal bones are visualized also. During the perinatal period of ontogenesis, the density of bone tissue increases in the right zygomatic bone by 34.2%, in the left by 42.4%. The comparison of the bone tissue density in another small bones of the facial part of the skull, reveal that they undergo significant changes, their density increases significantly (up to 100% or more). Conclusions. 1. There is characteristic asynchrony of small bones density increase of the facial part of the skull in the perinatal period. 2. During the perinatal period, the bone tissue density of the zygomatic bones increases by 34.2% (right) and 42.4% (left), the right and left nasal bones – up to 90%, the clavicle – up to 100%, and the right and left lacrimal bones the increase in density rises up to 118.5% and 121%, respectively. 3. Zygomatic and nasal bones are X-raycontrast from 4-month-old fetuses, zygomatic bones from 5-month-old fetuses, lacrimal bones from 6-month-old fetuses.

Keywords

• small bones,face,bone tissue,density,perinatal period.