Convective Couplings With Equatorial Rossby Waves and Equatorial Kelvin Waves: 3. Variations of Clouds and Their Radiative Effects

Abstract

Abstract Utilizing spaceborne cloud radar and lidar (CloudSat/CALIPSO) observation products, we examine vertical distributions of clouds and quantify their radiative effects associated with equatorial Rossby and Kelvin waves. The most important result is that the radiative heating substantially increased the generation of the eddy available potential energy by 19% and 40%, in Rossby and Kelvin waves, respectively, adding to the convective latent heating. Composite analyses indicate a simultaneous development between deep‐convective anvil clouds and stratiform clouds of mesoscale convective systems in the Rossby waves, and a transition from low‐level clouds, anvil clouds to stratiform clouds in the Kelvin waves. These are consistent to precipitation characteristics provided by precipitation radar observation, and thus the apparent heat source can be estimated by combining convective heating and radiative heating.

Keywords

• convectively‐coupled equatorial waves
• clouds
• radiative heating