Geometry of fold interference patterns in Wadi Kharit area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt

Abstract

Fold interference patterns and superimposed relations are common in the Neoproterozoic basement rocks of Egypt. They are the products of complex Precambrian orogenies formed by collision and accretionary island arcs onto a pre-Pan-African continent to the west of the River Nile. Fold interference patterns and superimposed folds affected the unmetamorphosed to slightly metamorphosed volcaniclastic rocks in Wadi Kharit area during the Pan-African tectono-thermal events (600–450 Ma). Superimposed folding in Wadi Kharit area resembles in many respects that of recorded in Hafafit Shear Zone. The difference is in the degree of deformation and grade of metamorphism. Fold interference patterns and superimposition in Wadi Kharit area are formed by a single phase of deformation rather than a polyphase of deformation. Most of the fractures and associated normal faults dissected Wadi Kharit area are of fold-related faulting, which are reactivated post-dating igneous intrusions.

Keywords

• Fold interference patterns
• Folding and refolding
• Overturned fold
• Nappe structure