Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (Dec 2018)
Evolution of acute renal failure in critical hemodialysis patients
Abstract
Introduction: acute renal failure is a clinical syndrome, secondary to multiple etiologies; it is characterized by the abrupt deterioration of renal function, potentially reversible with high morbidity and mortality in Intensive Care Units. To examine the behavior of this condition will allow the development of protocols of the early intervention, to avoid the fatal outcomes or the admission to the chronic hemodialysis program. Objective: to determine the clinical and epidemiological behavior of acute renal failure in critically-ill hemodialysis patients. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit at Abel SantamaríaCuadrado General Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Rio, from August 2016 to July 2017. The target group included 486 patients suffering from acute renal failure and the sample comprised 97 patients who underwent hemodialysis in the period studied. Results: male sex prevailed (61.86 %) and ages over 61 years (21.63 %). Sepsis was the most frequent cause of acute renal failure (46.39 %) and the pre-renal one according to its pathophysiologicalorigin (88.58%), with predominance of non-oligouric (54.59 %). Out of the patients with a diagnosis of pre-renal acute renal failure, 38.11 % required between 8 and 14 hemodialysis procedures, and the majority of the renal patients needed 21 or more sessions. More than the half of patients died (56.70 %), of them 16.48 % were between 61 and 70 years old, 16.50 % required iterated hemodialysis. Conclusions: pre-renal and renal failure with hemodialysis requirement and evolution to death.was the behavior of acute renal failure in the patients studied.
