Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (Apr 2024)

Case Report: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation using balloon-expandable bioprosthesis in patients with severe pure aortic regurgitation on noncalcified native valves: a series of cases

  • Luciano de Moura Santos,
  • Luciano de Moura Santos,
  • Larissa Santos Luz,
  • Vinicius Lelis Bastos,
  • Tulio Assunção Barcelos,
  • Frederico André Alves Abreu,
  • Leonardo Cogo Beck,
  • Leonardo Cogo Beck,
  • Mohammed Jamal Aldin Hilal Darnasser,
  • Mohammed Jamal Aldin Hilal Darnasser,
  • Francisco de Assis Cruz,
  • Luis Carlos Vieira Matos,
  • Luis Carlos Vieira Matos,
  • Wenderval Borges Carvalho,
  • Wenderval Borges Carvalho

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1365181
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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BackgroundFor individuals with pure aortic regurgitation (AR), transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is cautiously recommended only for those with a high or prohibitive surgical risk. We aimed to describe the results of a case series of transcatheter implantation of a balloon-expandable aortic valve bioprosthesis (BEV) for the treatment of noncalcified native valve AR.MethodsFrom February 2022–November 2022, we performed TAVI in patients with severe pure AR. Cases were indicated on the basis of symptoms, high/prohibitive surgical risk, or patient refusal of conventional treatment.ResultsFive patients underwent successful TAVI. The mean age was 81.9 ± 6.6 years, 3 (60%) female and 5 (100%) in NYHA class III or IV. The baseline echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 49.0 ± 10.6% and left ventricular end-systolic diameter 28.5 ± 4.7 mm/m². The average area of the aortic annulus was 529.1 ± 47.0mm² and the area oversizing index was 17.6 ± 1.2%. In the 30-day follow-up, there were no cases of prosthesis embolization, annulus rupture, stroke, acute myocardial infarction, acute renal failure, hemorrhagic complication or death. One patient required a permanent pacemaker and another had a minor vascular complication. The clinical follow-up were 19.8 months (16.7–21.8). During this period, all patients remained alive and in NYHA class I or II. One of the patients developed a moderate paravalvular leak.ConclusionTAVI with a BEV proved to be safe and effective in this small case series of patients with noncalcified native valve AR in a follow-up longer than 1 year.

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