Cardiorenal Syndrome: Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

In the diagnosis of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), the biological markers are widely used, they can be applied to identify the pathophysiological stages of CRS, to assess the amount of risk, prognosis and outcome, as well as to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. CRS therapy includes diuretics, vasodilators, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, nitrates and cardiac glycosides. One of the most effective methods of CRS treatment is the use of renal replacement therapy.

Keywords

• cardiorenal syndrome
• biomarkers of cardiorenal syndrome (cardiospecific, cardiorenal, glomerular, proximal, distal)
• treatment of cardiorenal syndrome (diuretics, vasodilators, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor anta­gonist