Utility of biomarkers in the diagnosis and monitoring of asthmatic children

Paraskevi Xepapadaki, MD, PhD; Yuichi Adachi; César Fireth Pozo Beltrán, MD; Zeinab A. El-Sayed, MD, PhD; René Maximiliano Gómez, PhD; Elham Hossny, MD, PhD; Ivana Filipovic, MD; Peter Le Souef, MD; Mário Morais-Almeida, MD, PhD; Michael Miligkos, MD; Antonio Nieto, MD, PhD; Wanda Phipatanakul, MD; Paulo M. Pitrez, MD; Jiu-Yao Wang, MD; Gary W.K. Wong, MD; Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD

World Allergy Organization Journal (Jan 2023)

Utility of biomarkers in the diagnosis and monitoring of asthmatic children

Paraskevi Xepapadaki, MD, PhD,
Yuichi Adachi,
César Fireth Pozo Beltrán, MD,
Zeinab A. El-Sayed, MD, PhD,
René Maximiliano Gómez, PhD,
Elham Hossny, MD, PhD,
Ivana Filipovic, MD,
Peter Le Souef, MD,
Mário Morais-Almeida, MD, PhD,
Michael Miligkos, MD,
Antonio Nieto, MD, PhD,
Wanda Phipatanakul, MD,
Paulo M. Pitrez, MD,
Jiu-Yao Wang, MD,
Gary W.K. Wong, MD,
Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD

Affiliations

Paraskevi Xepapadaki, MD, PhD: Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Corresponding author.
Yuichi Adachi: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyam, Japan
César Fireth Pozo Beltrán, MD: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, USA
Zeinab A. El-Sayed, MD, PhD: Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
René Maximiliano Gómez, PhD: School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Salta, Argentina
Elham Hossny, MD, PhD: Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Ivana Filipovic, MD: University Hospital Center Dr Dragiša Mišović Hospital Pediatric Department, Serbia
Peter Le Souef, MD: Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Child and Adolescent Health Service, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
Mário Morais-Almeida, MD, PhD: Centro de Alergia dos Hospitais CUF, Lisbon, Portugal
Michael Miligkos, MD: Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Antonio Nieto, MD, PhD: Pediatric Pulmonology & Allergy Unit Children's. Health Research Institute. Hospital La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain
Wanda Phipatanakul, MD: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Paulo M. Pitrez, MD: School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
Jiu-Yao Wang, MD: Center for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
Gary W.K. Wong, MD: Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD: Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 16, no. 1
p. 100727

Abstract

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Asthma imposes a heavy morbidity burden during childhood; it affects over 10% of children in Europe and North America and it is estimated to exceed 400 million people worldwide by the year 2025. In clinical practice, diagnosis of asthma in children is mostly based on clinical criteria; nevertheless, assessment of both physiological and pathological processes through biomarkers, support asthma diagnosis, aid monitoring, and further lead to better treatment outcomes and reduced morbidity. Recently, identification and validation of biomarkers in pediatric asthma has emerged as a top priority across leading experts, researchers, and clinicians. Moreover, the implementation of non-invasive biomarkers for the assessment and monitoring of paediatric patients with asthma, has been prioritized; however, only a proportion of them are currently included in the clinical practise. Although, the use of non-invasive biomarkers is highly supported in recent asthma guidelines for documenting diagnosis and supporting monitoring of asthmatic patients, data on the Pediatric population are limited.In the present report, the Pediatric Asthma Committee of the World Allergy Organization (WAO), aims to summarize and discuss available data for the implementation of non-invasive biomarkers in the diagnosis and monitoring in children with asthma. Information on the most studied biomarkers, including spirometry, oscillometry, markers of allergic sensitization, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and the most recent exhaled breath markers and “omic” approaches, will be reviewed. Practical limitations and considerations based on both experts' opinion and critical review of the literature, on the utility of all “well-known” and newly introduced non-invasive biomarkers will be presented. A critical commentary on biomarkers’ use in diagnosing and monitoring asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic, cost and availability of biomarkers in different settings and in developing countries, the differences on the biomarkers use between Primary Practitioners, Pediatricians, and Specialists and their role on the longitudinal aspect of asthma is provided.

Published in World Allergy Organization Journal

ISSN: 1939-4551 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/world-allergy-organization-journal

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