PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHO-OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASES TREATED WITH INHALED GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS
Abstract
Relevance. The use of inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IHCs) is one of the main basic treatment options forbroncho-obstructive diseases.IHCs suppress chronic inflammation in the bronchial tree, but can be associated with the risk of pneumonia due to impairment of bronchus mucosal immunity and increased microbial colonization in the mucosa.Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of pneumonia during the IHCs therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma (BA), and with combination of COPD and asthma.Materials and methods. The retrospective study included patients with confirmed COPD, BA and combined COPD and asthma. The endpoint of this analysis was the incidence of pneumonia. Potential additional risk factors (age, gender, smoking, diagnosis, duration of the disease) were analyzed.Results. A total of 220 patients with broncho-obstructive pathology were included in the retrospective analysis. 184 patients received IHCs. 34 patients obtaining the basic therapy with IHCs developed pneumonia with a cumulative incidence of 36 % after 10 years. The primary diagnosis, gender, age and smoking did not significantly impact the risk of pneumonia.Conclusions. IHCs therapy is associated with a risk of pneumonia, which should be taken into account when planning long-term control of broncho-obstructive pathology.
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