Fabrication of pyrroloquinoline quinone-loaded small unilamellar vesicles through various downsizing techniques for biomedical applications
Gerardo Garcia-Zavaleta,
Daniel Mejia-Valdez,
Hamed Hosseinian,
Ciro A. Rodriguez,
Geoffrey A. Cordell,
Yadira I. Vega-Cantu,
Aida Rodriguez-Garcia
Affiliations
Gerardo Garcia-Zavaleta
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico
Daniel Mejia-Valdez
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico
Hamed Hosseinian
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico
Ciro A. Rodriguez
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico; Laboratorio Nacional de Manufactura Aditiva y Digital (MADIT), Apodaca, NL, 66629, Mexico
Geoffrey A. Cordell
Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL, 60201, USA; College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
Yadira I. Vega-Cantu
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico; Corresponding authors.
Aida Rodriguez-Garcia
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL, 64849, Mexico; Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biotecnología, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, 66455, Mexico; Corresponding authors.
Treatment of injuries to bone structure represents a significant economic burden for health care institutions and systems worldwide. The development of tissue engineering scaffolds has expanded to include the incorporation of nanotechnology platforms such as liposomes for the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a naturally occurring quinone with antioxidant and tissue regenerative properties. In this study, the liposome-based encapsulation of PQQ was achieved by studying the effect of different downsizing methods and lipid compositions. Liposomal sonication produced stable vesicles of sizes <200 nm. The incorporation of PQQ into the liposomes and its interactions with the lipids enhanced their stability for up to four weeks and allowed sustained release for seven weeks. The results demonstrate the ability of these systems to encapsulate PQQ with high stability, efficient entrapment, and extended release profiles for their potential use in biomedicine as a delivery system for bone tissue engineering.
