Main Comorbidities and Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients from Two Different Perspectives

Abstract

Foundation: the global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is 10.5 %, type 2 is the most common and represents 90 % of cases. Objective: to identify the associated comorbidities and complications reported in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus from selected family doctor offices. Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out between January and October 2023 at the Playa Teaching Polyclinic. The universe was made up of the 1890 people treated with this disease, who met the inclusion criteria. An equiprobabilistic sample of the 18 family doctor offices in the area was selected, for which 9 were selected. The study variables were: age, sex, comorbidities and present complications. A list was created in Excel of the 475 people notified. Subsequently, 272 people (57.3 %) were interviewed. The data were processed in the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: the most frequently reported comorbidities were: high blood pressure, heart disease and obesity, with a predominance in women and the first two in people aged 65 years and over. The number of complications reported in the family medical history is small; peripheral neuropathy and amputation were more frequent in men and those under 65 years of age, while cerebrovascular disease was more frequent in women and people 65 years of age and older. These figures were higher when the interviews were conducted. Conclusions: the most frequent comorbidities were: high blood pressure, heart disease and obesity in women and people aged 65 years and over. Peripheral neuropathy and amputation are more common in men and those under 65 years of age, and cerebrovascular disease in women and people 65 years of age and older.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus tipo 2
• comorbilidad
• complicaciones de la diabetes
• prevalencia