Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi (Mar 2020)
DOĞA KARŞISINDA GILGAMIŞ DESTANI VE KUYUCAKLI YUSUF: VAHŞİ ADAM/DOĞA ADAMI ARKETİPİ OLARAK ENKİDU VE YUSUF
Abstract
The world's first known long literary text, Epic of Gilgamesh, is a comprehensive, multidirectional, fertile, key root text that can be associated with majority of literary texts. The story of epic with a very rich symbolic system, which is embraced by the oldest civilizations of the world and enriched by adding new interpretations, contains the first archetypes revealing the mental and emotional mechanism of human genetics and summarizing the individual and social psychology of him. The archetype of the wild man, one of the most important of these archetypes, settles in epics, fairy tales, legends and theaters for centuries and it is repeated throughout the Middle Ages and transferred from here to stories, novels and comes into films with the emergence of cinema. Sabahattin Ali's novel of Kuyucaklı Yusuf, which is published in 1937 and mostly is associated with the genre of epic, has basic character Yusuf. Other than Yusuf's resemblance to the epic hero, the most emphasized feature of him is that he is considered a noble savage by Berna Moran and some other researchers. Yusuf, who must be analyze from different perspectives as the basis of the novel, who should not be imprisoned in the concept of noble savage created by the understanding of nature of romanticism, is the reflection of the archetype of wild man, whose first example appeared with the character of Enkidu in Epic of Gilgamesh, reaching the 20th century. This article, which is used archetypal criticism and comparative literature method; is aimed to reveal the effect of Gilgamesh Epic, which is a 7000-year story, that extends until the 20th century, to analyze Kuyucaklı Yusuf with a new approach. And ın this study are analyzed attitude towards nature and the environment of the two characters with their similarities and differences; ıt is claimed that Enkidu is the prototype of Yusuf in terms of the archetype of the wild man, as well as the archetypes of the victim, orphan, innocent and children, and that Yusuf is an archetypical derivative of Enkidu.
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