An innovative approach to investigate the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid in the prepontine cistern: A feasibility study using spatial saturation-prepared cine PC-MRI

Abstract

Purposes: Accurate measurements of the cerebrospinal fluid that flows through the prepontine cistern (PPC) are challenging due to artefacts originating from basilar artery blood flow. We aim to accurately quantify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and stroke volume in the PPC, which is essential before endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Materials and methods: We developed a new PC-MRI sequence prepared with Hadamard saturation bands to accurately quantify CSF flow in the PPC by suppressing the blood signal in the surrounding vessels. In total, 28 adult hydrocephalic patients (age 59 ± 20 years) were scanned using conventional PC-MRI and our developed sequence. CSF was separately extracted from the PPC and the foramen of Magendie, and flow (min and max) and stroke volume were quantified. Results: Our modifications result in a complete deletion of signal from flowing blood, resulting in significantly reduced CSF stroke volume (Conv = 446 ± 113 mm3, Dev = 390 ± 119 mm3, p = 0.006) and flow, both minimum (Conv = −1630 ± 486 mm3/s, Dev = −1430 ± 406 mm3/s, p = 0.005) and maximum (Conv = 2384 ± 657 mm3/s, Dev = 1971 ± 62 mm3/s, p = 0.002) compared with the conventional sequence, whereas no change in the area of interest was noted (Conv = 236 ± 65 mm2, Dev = 249 ± 75 mm2, p = 0.21). Conclusions: Accurate and reproducible CSF flow and stroke volume measurements in the PPC can be achieved with sat-band prepared cine PC-MRI.

Keywords

• Prepontine cistern
• Foramen of Magendie
• CSF
• PC-MRI
• Spatial saturation
• Aliasing