The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and sarcopenia: data from the NHANES 2011–2018

Abstract

Abstract Background The Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a marker of insulin resistance, but its role in sarcopenia is controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of the TyG index with sarcopenia. Methods 4030 participants aged 20 years and above were selected from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for cross sectional study. Weighted logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between TyG index and sarcopenia. Threshold effect analysis and restricted cubic spline were employed to describe nonlinear link, with interaction tests and subgroup analyses performed. Results It was found in the fully adjusted model that the TyG index was positively associated with sarcopenia (per 1-unit increase in the TyG index: OR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.60). This association was further highlighted in groups characterized by the absence of MetS or diabetes, as well as the absence of vigorous or moderate work activity. Furthermore, analysis of the curve fitting and threshold effects indicated a nonlinear relationship, which exhibited a turning point at 9.14. Conclusion The study results indicated that the TyG index was positively associated with sarcopenia. Enhancing the management of insulin resistance could help reduce the risk of developing sarcopenia.

Keywords

• Triglyceride-glucose index
• Sarcopenia
• Insulin resistance
• NHANES
• Cross-sectional study