Investigation of composed charged particles with suspension of ternary hybrid nanoparticles in 3D-power law model computed by Galerkin algorithm

Abstract

Abstract Transport of heat visualizes a vital role in many industrial developments. Current study is discussing the role of Joule heating, solar thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, reactions (homogeneous and heterogeneous) with variable thermal conductivity on partially ionized power law material past over a three-dimensional heated stretched surface. The power law model is assumed to have the thermal characteristics of ethylene glycol material. The phenomenon of momentum and energy balance is derived in Cartesian coordinates and developed PD (partial differential)-equations. Swimming pools, solar collectors, food processing, electronic gadgets, cooling systems, magnetic field measurement, computer chips, thermal enhancement, semiconductor characterization, nuclear fusion research and other physical applications are examples of ongoing research. The principle of boundary layer simplified the governing problem. The complex coupled PD (partial differential)-equations have been converted into ordinary differential equations OD (ordinary differential)-equations by using appropriate similarity transformation. The converted boundary value problem is complex and highly nonlinear which does not have the exact solution. The approximate solution is computed numerically via finite element scheme (FES) which is coded in MAPLE 18.0 symbolic package. The convergence of the scheme is established through grid independent survey and the solution is plotted against numerous involved parameters. Thermal performance produced by $$Si{O}_{2}$$ S i O 2 - $$Ti{O}_{2}$$ T i O 2 - $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}$$ Al 2 O 3 /EG is higher thermal performance produced by $$Si{O}_{2}$$ S i O 2 - $$Ti{O}_{2}$$ T i O 2 /EG. Ion slip and Hall forces are responsible for generating Joule heating mechanism that is responsible for reduction of velocity curve and generating shear stresses. Hence, tangential stresses are declined against increasing $${\beta }_{i}$$ β i and $${\beta }_{e}.$$ β e .