Stroitel’stvo: Nauka i Obrazovanie (Dec 2019)
Monitoring system of high-rise buildings, determined from the nature of the curvature of the elastic line of vertical elements
Abstract
Introduction. Issues arising from the automatic monitoring of high-rise buildings are considered. One of such issues is the necessity of minimizing the number of sensors when taking the operational patterns of such load-bearing systems. The method of sensor placement in high-rise buildings is described. Materials and methods. Different structural systems of high-rise buildings have common dependencies of longitudinal axis deformation on rigidity of vertical and horizontal load-bearing elements. Calculation of deformations from static wind load, comparison of data obtained by manual and computer calculation, and also comparison of static wind load with the wind load pulsation component are performed. Results. From the analysis of the extrema of the deformation function of the building vertical axis with the horizontal plane of the floor structure preserved, the main typical monitoring points necessary to minimize the number of sensors in high-rise buildings were determined. Based on the typical breaking points, the required number of sensors located 1/4 of the building height away from each other and the range of measured values of deformations that occur during operation were determined. Conclusions. For automatic (constant) monitoring of high-rise buildings, it is advisable to use a complex integrated method of measuring deformations of vertical load-bearing structures, frequencies and amplitudes of oscillations, and rotation angles. According to the general design theory of high-rise buildings and computer calculation models, the most efficient placement of engineering structure monitoring sensors is when they are evenly covering the perimeter of each floor and the entire height of the building. Measurements should be carried out following the outlines of the floor structures on stories located 1/4 of the building height away from each other, as well as on the stiffening core to control the integrity of floor structures and their connection to the stiffness core.
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