Мелиорация и гидротехника (May 2024)
Analysis of interrelations of the negative consequences of soil erosion on agricultural land. Review of methods of its reducing
Abstract
Purpose: to determine causal relationships between factors influencing soil erosion in agricultural lands in the south of Russia, review methods and strategies for its reduction. Discussion. Under the prevailing influence of water and wind erosion in the region under consideration, this problem becomes complex, affecting physical, socio-economic and environmental aspects. Over 37 % of the surveyed lands are affected by this negative factor, and the reduction in yield in heavily washed-out areas can exceed 50 %. In this regard, we examined agricultural lands in the south of Russia that are exposed to water and wind erosion. The research is based on extensive information resources such as agricultural reports, industry statistics and previous research studies. Conclusions. Based on the unobvious, indirect consequences of soil erosion of agricultural land, interconnected by positive feedback, a self-reinforcing cycle is formed, leading to a constant increase in erosion processes. The factors reducing soil erosion on agricultural land and their interaction are examined. These methods make it possible to reduce the use of production resources and erosion by 20 % and up to 50 %, respectively, and improve the condition of the soil in the long term by 30 %. The use of biotechnology has made it possible to increase the yield of some crops by 21 %, the amount of macroelements from 5.3 to 6.13 %, and protein by 20 %. It is concluded that it is necessary to influence not only the factors of occurrence or conditions of the erosion and removal of the fertile soil layer, but also the possible consequences. All this will reduce the degradation of agricultural land, and these aspects can be used to develop sustainable land use strategies and introduce modern technologies in agriculture to preserve soil resources and improve the living standards.
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