International Journal of Thermofluids (Nov 2023)
Biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles in thermofluids flow through a porous medium
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles have a variety of applications in medical sciences, including photothermal (PT), gene transfection agents, radiosensitizing, drug delivery, therapeutic etc. Especially in a lab, gold metallic nanoparticles are commonly utilized as a tracer to indicate the existence of certain proteins or DNA in a sample and identify the different antibiotics. They are biocompatible and can deliver heat energy to tumor cells via various therapeutic techniques. Because cancer cells are microscopic, appropriately, nanosized gold nanoparticles were infused into the bloodstream for infiltration and found very effective. Keeping in mind the applications of gold nanoparticles, this paper aims to consider the Magnetohydrodynamics thermofluids flow of blood containing gold nanoparticles. More precisely, the couple stress Casson fluid flow is taken as blood flow through a porous medium. This flow regime is modeled in terms of classical partial differential equations. These equations are nondimensionalized using suitable non-dimensional variables. The dimensionless partial differential equations are fractionalized using Caputo’s fractional derivatives definition with the application of Fick’s and Fourier’s laws. Laplace and Fourier’s transforms are used to accomplish exact solutions for temperature, concentration, and velocity profiles. The skin friction, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are calculated and displayed in tabular form. The impact of several physical parameters on temperature, concentration and velocity profiles of thermofluids are shown graphically. The obtained results show that the blood velocity is a decreasing function of the couple stress parameter (λ) and the Casson parameter (β), which is very useful for controlling blood flow during magnetic therapy for treating pain in the back and foot and bleeding during surgeries. It is observed that the heat transfer rate of blood using gold nanoparticles increases up to 36%, which is very useful in hyperthermic tumor treatment.
