Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Citrus macroptera and Cucumis sativus Herbal Formulation: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Background: Natural cures are becoming more and more popular since they might lessen the possibility of negative side effects and provide a substitute for pharmaceutical drugs. This study used in vitro experiments to evaluate the cytotoxic and antibacterial properties of a combination of C. sativus, C. macroptera, and glycerol extract. Materials and Method: Fruits of C. macroptera (citrus) and C. sativus (cucumber) were washed and dried. Following the preparation of their extracts, a 10 ml extract solution was created by combining them with 8 ml of glycerol. The mixture was filtered, stored at 4°C, and tested using the Agar well diffusion method against the bacterial suspension and the brine shrimp lethality assay against the nauplii. Results: The extract showed similar antibacterial and cytotoxic effects to standard values at 100 μg/ml. Higher concentrations increased the zone of inhibition. The brine shrimp lethality test indicated good cytotoxicity. Conclusion: The formulation of glycerol extract, cucumber, and citrus could be a useful substitute for the synthetic antibacterial medications that are now on the market because of their good cytotoxic efficacy and minimal side effects. When it comes to developing new drugs to treat oral cavity lesions, these extracts may offer a viable approach.

Keywords

• alternative medicine
• antibacterial
• citrus macroptera
• cucumis sativus
• cytotoxicity