Collaborative Optimization Framework for Coupled Power and Transportation Energy Systems Incorporating Integrated Demand Responses and Electric Vehicle Battery State-of-Charge

Abstract

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and advancements in dynamic wireless charging (DWC) technology have strengthened the interdependence between power distribution networks (PDNs) and electrified transportation networks (ETNs), leading to the emergence of coupled power and transportation energy systems (CPTESs). This development introduces new challenges, particularly as DWC technology shifts EV charging demand from residential plug-in charging to charging-while-driving during commuting hours, causing simultaneous congestion in both ETNs and PDNs during peak times. The present work addresses this issue by developing a collaborative optimization framework for CPTESs that incorporates integrated demand responses (IDRs) and EVs battery state-of-charge (SOC). In the ETN, a multiperiod traffic assignment model with time-shiftable traffic demands (MTA-TSTD) is established to optimize travelers’ routes and departure times while capturing traffic flow distribution. Meanwhile, effective path generation models with EVs battery SOC are proposed to optimize charging energy during driving and construct the effective path sets for MTA-TSTD. In the PDN, a multiperiod optimal power flow model with time-shiftable power demands (MOPF-TSPD) is formulated to schedule local generators and flexible power demands while calculating the power flow distribution. To enhance temporal and spatial coordination in CPTESs, a distributed coordinated operation model considering IDRs is proposed, aiming to optimize energy consumption, alleviate congestion, and ensure system safety. Finally, an adaptive effective path generation algorithm and an ETN–PDN interaction algorithm are devised to efficiently solve these models. Numerical results on two test systems validate the effectiveness of the proposed models and algorithms.

Keywords

• electric vehicles
• dynamic wireless charging
• power-traffic network
• demand response
• flexible demands
• mileage limitation