CORRECTION OF ORAL CAVITY MICROBIOTA DURING INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES

Abstract

Chronic periodontitis is a multifactor genesis disease. At its initial stages, an important role is played by imbalances between the infection factors (periodontopathogens), immune reactivity, and the state of free radical processes in the periodontium tissues. At the same time, disorders of the oral cavity microbiota and persistence of opportunistic microorganisms characterized by a high level of resistance to antimicrobial preparations, are observed in these cases. The purpose of this paper was to study the efficiency of correction of the oral cavity microbiota with the use of plant-based antiseptic and probiotics against a background of treatment of chronic periodontitis patients. Object and methods. The research was performed in groups of 15 patients each: 1) probiotic treatment considering the isolates’ sensitivity to the antimicrobial preparation; 2) application of the plant-based antiseptic Sangviritrin along with an antibiotic drug; 3) application of plant-based antiseptic Sangviritrin and probiotic Biosporin along with an antibiotic drug. Biological sampling from the oral cavities of patients with stage II-III chronic generalized periodontitis was performed with the use of a sterile applicator in the transport tube (AMIES). The biological material was plated on nutrient media by Gold plating method with the use of differentially diagnostic nutrient media (Himedia) and a subsequent identification with Erba Lachema (Czechia) test-systems. Results. A significant growth in the level of opportunistic microorganisms under chronic periodontitis was observed against a background of the decreased level of indigenous microbiota representatives. The application of the Sangviritrin facilitated a more efficient decrease in the number of aerobic and optionally anaerobic microorganisms, in particular S.aureus, S.haemolyticus, E.faecalis, C.albicans, and Enterobacteriaceae genus bacteria. The oral cavity microbiota correction efficiency was observed to be the highest in case of the joint application of the antibiotic drug (prescribed according to the sensitivity of the isolate), Sangviritrin, and probiotic Biosporin. The patients of this group showed the most expressed decrease of opportunistic microorganisms against a background of restoration of indigenous representatives of the oral cavity microbiota. Conclusion. Promising is the application of a comprehensive, differential approach to the correction of microbiota in the oral cavity, taking into account the dominant associations and their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs, including plant-based antiseptic and probiotics, which, in addition to antimicrobial and antagonistic activity, do not violate the composition of indigenous microbiota.

Keywords

• chronic periodontitis
• oral cavity microbiota
• opportunistic microorganisms
• plant-based antiseptic
• probiotics.