Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М. Бехтерева (Jul 2018)
A comparative study of the psychosocial, behavioral, and clinical characteristics of HIV-positive and HIV-negative opioid users Part 2 Comparative analysis of personal characteristics, indicators of aggression, anger, coping strategies, stigma, quality and purpose of life
Abstract
Our comparative study of psychosocial, behavioural, and clinical characteristics involved 46 HIV-negative individuals with opioid dependence (HIV-IDUs), 57 HIV-positive opioid-dependent individuals (HIV+IDUs) and a control group of 90 healthy subjects (CG). All opioid dependent participants were injecting drug users (IDUs). Results reported in Part 2 are based on our analysis of the following tests: The Buss - Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), Folkman and Lazarus’ Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), Purpose-in-Life Test (PIL), Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (l6PF), WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-100), and the modified Link’s Stigma Scale (LINK). Our analysis demonstrated that IDUs (independently of their HIV status) showed higher results on the BDHI’s subscales of assault, verbal hostility, irritability, guilt and the total score; STAXI’s subscales of trait anger and anger expression-out; LINK’s drug use and HIV-related stigma and discrimination; behaviour is dominated by non-adaptive coping strategies of distancing, self-control, escape-avoidance (WCQ) and the vigilance (L), apprehension (O), tension (Q4) personality characteristics (16PF) compared to the control group. All participated IDUs demonstrated lower results compared to that in the control group on all subscales and the total score of the Purpose-in-Life test and lower quality of life in the domains of physical and psychological health, social relationships and level of independence, as well as the total score of WHOQOL-IOO. Coping strategies of the positive reappraisal and ‘planful’ problem solving (WCQ) are more rare and the personality characteristics of rule-consciousness (G), sensitivity (I), abstractedness (M), self-reliance (Q2), perfectionism (Q3), and motivational distortion (MD) (16PF) are decreased compared to the control group. Compared to HIV-negative IDUs, HIV-positive IDUs demonstrated higher scores on the ‘resentment’ and ‘guilt’ subscales, and the overall hostility index (BDHI); ‘trait anger’ and ‘anger expression-out’ subscales of the STAXI; HIV-related stigma and discrimination (LINK) and lower scores on the reasoning (B), emotional stability (C), and perfectionism (Q3) subscales of the 16PF; psychological and level of independence domains of WHOQOL-100; purpose in life, locus of control-life, and life process or emotional richness of life (PIL).
