TBC1D9 regulates TBK1 activation through Ca2+ signaling in selective autophagy

Abstract

Xenophage, or autophagy directed against pathogens, might be involved in the clearance of bacterial infection, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors show that ubiquitinated bacteria are bound by TBC1D9 via a Ca2+-dependent interaction to induce downstream activation of TBK1 signalling and xenophagy, as well as mitophagy.