Thermodiluted relative tidal volume estimation using a thermal camera in operating room under spinal anesthesia

Abstract

Abstract Background Estimating relative tidal volume is an important factor when monitoring breathing status. The relationship between temperature and respiration volume has rarely been studied. In this paper, a formula was derived for calculating thermodiluted respiration volume from temperature changes in the nasal cavity. To evaluate the proposed formula, the study compared the relative tidal volume estimated by the proposed formula with that recorded by a respiration volume monitor (Exspiron1Xi, RVM). Thermal data were obtained for 8 cases at a rate of 10 measurements per second. Simultaneous recordings by the RVM are regarded as the reference. Results The mean of ICC coefficient is 0.948 ± 0.030, RMSE is 0.1026 ± 0.0284, R-squared value is 0.8962 ± 0.065 and linear regression coefficient $$\mathrm{\alpha }$$ α is 0.966 ± 0.104, $$\upbeta$$ β is 0.042 ± 0.057. Bland–Altman plot showed 96.01% of samples that the difference between the measured and estimated values exists within 2 standard deviations. Conclusions In this paper, a model that can thermodynamically calculate the relationship between thermal energy and respiration volume is proposed. The thermodiluted model is a feasible method for estimating relative respiration tidal volumes.

Keywords

• Respiration
• Tidal volume
• Thermal camera
• Non-contact