Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Biopolymer, Alginate-Chitosan Composite to Adsorb the Heavy Metals, Cd(II) and Pb(II) from Contaminated Effluents
Mohammed F. Hamza,
Nora A. Hamad,
Doaa M. Hamad,
Mahmoud S. Khalafalla,
Adel A.-H. Abdel-Rahman,
Ibrahim F. Zeid,
Yuezhou Wei,
Mahmoud M. Hessien,
Amr Fouda,
Waheed M. Salem
Affiliations
Mohammed F. Hamza
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Data, School of Resources, Environment and Data, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Nora A. Hamad
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebine El-Koam 00123, Egypt
Doaa M. Hamad
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebine El-Koam 00123, Egypt
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebine El-Koam 00123, Egypt
Ibrahim F. Zeid
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebine El-Koam 00123, Egypt
Yuezhou Wei
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Data, School of Resources, Environment and Data, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Mahmoud M. Hessien
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box. 11099, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
Amr Fouda
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, AL-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
Waheed M. Salem
Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Health Science technology, Menoufia University, Shebine El-Koam 32511, Egypt
Efficient removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from contaminated water is considered a fundamental point of view. Synthetic hydrogel biopolymers based on chitosan and alginate (cost-effective and eco-friendly) were successfully designed and characterized by highly efficient removal contaminants. The sorbents are characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA, XPS analyses and textural properties which are qualified by N2 adsorption. The sorption properties are firstly investigated by the effect of pH, sorption isotherms, uptake kinetics, and selectivity from multi-metal solution with equi-molar concentration. The sorbent with 1:3 ratios (of chitosan and alginate respectively) is the most effective for metal removal (i.e., 0.81 mmol Cd g−1 and 0.41 mmol Pb g−1). Langmuir and Sip’s models fitted better the adsorption isotherms compared to the Freundlich model. Uptake kinetics was well fitted by pseudo-first-order rate equation, while the saturation was achieved within 40 min. The sorbent shows good reproducibility through duplicate the experiments with negligible decreasing efficiency (>2.5%). The sorbent was applied for water treatment on samples collected from the industrial area (i.e., 653 and 203 times over the MCL for Cd(II) and Pb(II) respectively according to WHO). The concentration of Cd and Pb was drastically decreased in the effluents as pH increased with removal efficiency up to 99% for both elements at pH 5.8 and SD equivalent 1 g L−1 for 5 h.
